Shipping Process & Documentations
INTRODUCTION Knowledge in shipping i.e. import and export process and documentations is an crucial part of the supply chain process. In import and export activities, there are various kind of documentations involved. During importations, you may require to adhere to various kinds of procedures such as import permit, product certifications, inspection report, pharmaceutical approvals whereas for export, you may require up to found kinds of contract like, sales agreement, contract of carriage, contract of finance and contract of cargo insurance. The shipper or importer is also required to comply to requirements of the consignee’s or exporters country. These requirements changes frequently and very often irregular documents creates confusion and resulting to delay of customs clearance and delivery of goods. Incoterms are the key rules of shipping in determining how costs and risks are allocated to the parties and can reduce conflict among traders, therefore minimise trade disputes an